LF: load factor; LL: Loaded legs; UT: Utilization factor
CO2 Calculation Methodology
Methodology for Calculating CO2 Emissions According to EN16258
CarbonCare analysed, evaluated and compared all global standards on which the various calculators are based. It was found that most of the standards focus on regional areas or specific transport modes and that the methodology of the EU EN16258 standard is the most appropriate.
Standard
Norms and Standards of the CarbonCare Carbon Emissions Calculator According to EN16258
EN 16258 is a methodology for the calculation and declaration of energy consumption and GHG emissions of transport services (freight and passengers). The CEN members are the national standards institutes of Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, Germany, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Ireland, Iceland, Italy, Croatia, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Austria, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, the Czech Republic, Turkey, Hungary, the United Kingdom and Cyprus.
Why have we committed to the EN16258 standard and not another standard?
Our research incorporated an assessment of all global standards. This revealed that most so-called standards focus on regional areas (e.g., SmartWay for North America) or have been established by transportation organizations (e.g., TIACA, GLEC, CCWG, IATA etc.), concentrate solely on one mode of transport (e.g., IATA, IMO, ICAO, CCWG etc.) or are research bodies (e.g., COFRET, STREAM etc.). EN16258 is a European standard, but it focuses on all transport modes and is neither an association, nor a research body; moreover, it is a state norm.
Detailed Assumptions for Each Mode
| MODE | DISTANCES | UNDERLYING FACTORS | ||
| AIR Aircraft/Air Cargo/Air-freight | DISTANCES | Great circle distances plus 95km according to EN16258. RF-Index is currently set to 1.0 according to CORE Project of University of Stockholm. | UNDERLYING FACTORS | Data for different aircraft types. LF: 80% or cargo load factor 70%. LL: almost 0% since only a few technical flights required positioning. |
| ROAD Trucks/Road Freight | DISTANCES | Great circle distances for delivery tours. In the logistics industry, point to point transports are extremely seldom. In addition, licensees may calculate shortest, real distances between two locations. The licensee may choose the options. | UNDERLYING FACTORS | Data for various truck types (see calculator). LF: 80% for trucks 7 tonnes and smaller. LF: 75-80% for larger trucks. In addition, licensees may choose the variable loading factors. |
| SEA Ships/Ocean-freight | DISTANCES | Shortest routings based on our own specially developed distance calculator. Distance compared with international, well-known calculators and measured examples. | UNDERLYING FACTORS | Mainly based on CCWG (Clean Cargo Working Group) data. CCWG values corrected for one TEU (twenty-foot equivalent unit) to 10.5 tonnes according to EN16258. Data for cooling available. Fleetwide utilisation factor of 74%; however, there are large differences for different routes varying between 60% and 84%. Currents are compensated for over the timeframe. |
| IWW Barges/Inland Navigation/Canals & Water Ways | DISTANCES | Shortest routings based on our own specially developed distance calculator. Distance compared with international, well-known calculators. | UNDERLYING FACTORS | Own measurements supplemented with newest STREAM research data. Applied UT of 53% for ships under 2000 tonnes or 55% respectively. |
| RAIL Trains/Railway Cargo | DISTANCES | Shortest routings based on our own specially developed distance calculator. Distance compared with international, well-known calculators. Routes split up into electrified and diesel train routes. | UNDERLYING FACTORS | CarbonCare respects the masses for different railway systems. Further, we assess the diesel or electric traction for each route. The electrical consumption (WTW only) is calculated based on IEA national GRID values. |
| XSHIP Terminal/Handling | DISTANCES | UNDERLYING FACTORS | Our own transhipment values, developed for each mode of transport. At airports, there is a 10-hour warehousing period included which respects the national GRID values. Cooling is only calculated for airport transhipping. | |
| COOL Transport/Terminal/Cool Storage/Handling | DISTANCES | UNDERLYING FACTORS | Cooling is only calculated for:
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CO2/CO2e Emission Values
CarbonCare calculates climate change values according to the European standard EN16258. Thus, CO2 values and CO2 equivalents are determined for TTW (Tank-To-Wheel) and WTW (Well-To-Wheel).
CO2 Emission Values